Thermoelectric refrigeration is a solid-state refrigeration technology based on the Peltier effect, which mainly uses the properties of P-N junctions in semiconductor materials. Its characteristic is that when the current flows between the N-type and P-type materials, heat is transferred from one end of the cooler to the other. Because the N-type material has excess free electrons, and the P-type material has insufficient electrons, the excess electrons in the N-type material and the "holes" in the P-type material become carriers. When the carrier moves, the heat then passes through the thermoelectric element, creating a cold and hot temperature difference between the top and bottom of the device. It is worth mentioning that because the phenomenon is completely reversible, when the polarity of the DC power supply changes, the heat will be transferred in the opposite direction. In summary, it can be seen that semiconductor refrigeration can be widely used in specific occasions that require both refrigeration and heating.

▲Principle of thermoelectric refrigeration

As we all know, the compressor refrigeration will produce harmful substances such as freon during the working process, and then destroy the environment. The thermoelectric module in the semiconductor refrigerator does not require the use of compressors, throttles and refrigerants, which is safe and environmentally friendly. Compared with absorption refrigeration with low conversion efficiency and slow cooling speed, thermoelectric refrigeration is faster, more efficient and lower cost. Therefore, among the three traditional refrigeration technologies, thermoelectric refrigeration technology can be said to be unique.

▲Thermoelectric refrigerators of different sizes

Finally, let's take a look at the four unique advantages of thermoelectric refrigeration.

1, the size can be arbitrarily scaled: thermoelectric refrigeration appliances have solid structure properties, the shape can be arbitrarily scaled, in the field of small size refrigeration: such as portable refrigerators, surgical freezing probes, electronic device cooling, car seats and other related fields have its inherent advantages.

2, no vibration characteristics: in the operation of the thermoelectric refrigerator, there is no need to use the compressor, no moving parts, can fully meet the needs of the cutting-edge detection field (such as scanning tunnel electron microscope, etc.). For some applications in low-noise environments, thermoelectric refrigeration can also play its unique advantages.

3, the temperature control accuracy is very high: by adding the appropriate closed-loop temperature control circuit, the temperature control accuracy of the thermoelectric refrigerator can reach 0.1 ° C, so it can complete the accurate control of temperature in the field of laser temperature control and charge coupled device temperature control.

4, high reliability: thermoelectric refrigeration appliances have high reliability, low risk of failure, low maintenance costs, and life is generally greater than 200000h. It is the best choice in the space laboratory, space remote sensing and other places that require high reliability.